The Battle of Kosovo Albanians in 1389
History of the Ottoman Empire
By Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall Louis Docherty
Battle Maritzza 1363 or 1371? After the conquest of
Philippopolis Murad had made peace with the Greek emperor, but barely had he tasted some rest to Brusa, a new storm broke out in Europe. The Greek commander of Philippopolis had taken refuge with the King of Servia, and after that Pope Urban V was proclaimed the second crusade against the Turks, the Hungarian king, the rulers of Servia, Bosnia, and Wallachia met together for attacking the conquerors from Asia, which already threatened their borders. The Beglerbeg addressed in the notice to Brusa, praying for relief, since he alone was unable to resist the superior forces of the allies. Murad was preparing to cross the Hellespont with troops and ships, when arrived at Bigha (formerly Pega) once conquered by Urchan and consecrated by the residence of the great vesir Alaed
-din, then fell back Came in the hands of enemies (probably Catalans) (1) it resolved, by taking this up, first to ensure his rear in Asia before presenting his forehead to the Christians in Europe. He therefore assembled the buildings were in Aidindschik (Cyzicus) and Gallipoli, charged them to keep the sea, and laid siege to Bigha. Meanwhile, in Europe, the allied army had advanced by forced marches onto the Marizza, two days of Adrianople to the appearance of enormous forces of the enemy, Lalaschahin, despairing of victory, detached, scout, Hadschi-Ilbeki, the staunchest champion of the faith. Hadschi-Ilbeki, not daring to expose his body of ten thousand men to the chances of a battle fought in broad daylight in an enemy superior in numbers twice, resolved to surprise the Christian camp at night, guarded by soldiers with neglect plunged into drunkenness. At the sound of drums and fifes, the war cry of Allah! Allah! Christians were frozen with terror (2); darkness increased the disorder: "Like the wild beasts in their lairs surprises," said Seadeddin, leap and soar, and terrified the enemy fled, rushed towards Marizza, and disappeared into the waves [1363]. "Today, the battlefield is called Ssirf-Szindughi, that is to say defeat of Servians. 
************************************************ ***** The kral Servian Lazarus, seeing the storm PREI melt on its border, prepared to re-sistance: wanting even prevent the enemy, he ordered his general to Démélriiis altaqucr and remove Castle Schehrkoï (1), located atop a steep mountain on the border of Bulgaria, now subject to Otlomans. At this news, Ali Pascha sent in haste Jachschi Beg, the subaschi Aine Beg and pascha Sarudsche with ten thousand men, to use instead. The company succeeds. The castle was demolished, the garrison taken prisoner, but Jachschi Beg, who made the report to the Sultan and asked permission to pursue the enemy, was ordered to return. Lazarus spared no pains to determine its neighbors, the rulers of Albania and Bosnia, in a league of nations against Murad, and full of confidence in their support, he dared send a challenge to the Sultan (2). He had reminded his son Bajesid Asia and Jakub, who then governed the sandschaks of Kutahije Karasi and (3), ei ar-fortified his meeds troupesauxiliaires deSsaru-Chan, Men-Tesch, Aidin and Haroid (4). Among the Christian rulers of Europe, his vassals, he could count on the prince and Serradsch Constantine, Prince of Gustendil (5). A more powerful reinforcement was the name of Ewrenos Beg, the old comrade of Urchan, who had just arrived at the army, returning from his pilgrimage to Mecca. Murad led his troops all the parade Succi (Ssuluderbcnd), the most westerly Huemus, which, according to Ammianus Marcellinus rnpport (6), rises gradually toward the north or Illyria.
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the eve of the 1389 Kosovo Batalle
the side of the allies in the war council, the proposal to attack during the night was rejected by George Castriota, who claimed that the night would encourage the flight of the enemy, It was hidden from its complete destruction. When the sky was cleared, the two armies were in attendance, ready to fight. That of the infidels, composed of Servians, Bulgarians, Bosnians, Albanians, Vlachs, Poles and Hungarians
same, according to the testimony of the Ottoman historian, was arranged in this order: Lazarus, King of Servia, commanded the center, his nephew Wuk - Brankovic right wing, and the king of Bosnia, Thwarko, the left wing. The Ottomans were thus classified: Murad chooses its accustomed place in the middle of the order of battle, the prince Bajesid took command of the right, the prince Jakub coqduite the left. The first deputy lurent Ewrenos Beg and Kurd, aga of Asabe; the second, the subaschi Aine Beg and the chief pioneer Saridsche-Pascha. Haider, master of artillery, stood in front with his equipment and parts distributed between janitschares; on der-
Kosovo (4) The description of the plain is in Kossover Bonttni ns, and also a dangerous * work very ancient and very rare, Directions from the Embassy of Wegraysz has Coiistantinople with the emperor Suleiman, printed in 1531.
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